Historiography of the Purchase of Louisiana - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2875 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/10/31 Category History Essay Level High school Topics: The Louisiana Purchase Essay Did you like this example? Historiography of the purchase of Louisiana   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The purchase of the Louisiana is one of the mega land deals in the history of the United States of America. The purchase of this land was a great achievement of Thomas Jeffersons presidency in the year 1803. Purchasing the land reflected a great accomplishment in his reign of the presidency. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Historiography of the Purchase of Louisiana" essay for you Create order However, the purchase was accompanied by a great dilemma for President Thomas Jefferson. This is because the advantages of purchasing Louisianan were as great as the disadvantages.   The purchase would enable him to achieve his dream of possessing the port of New Orleans but on the other side, there were equal disadvantages.   The purchase would make a great contribution to American history because it could be most controversial and largest land purchase. During this time, United States of America was putting efforts to try to solidify their national identity.   Two groups had caused the division in national identity. One of the subjects was westwards expansion that causes this national identity division. Therefore, the purchase of the land was backed by the southern states while the northern states opposed the purchase. Consequently, the purchase of the land raised many issues in the United States of America.   Making such a decision was not easy and would cause many changes in the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many books and article have been written concerning this greatest land deal in the United States of America. The history has been given in different dimensions depending on what the different authors think about the purchase. The reason why President Thomas Jefferson purchased the land is not clear and, therefore, people give different opinions about what might have convinced him to buy the land depending on the observed outcomes. On the other side, people have a different view on the impacts that the purchase brought to the United States of America. Some give more disadvantages while others view the advantages as being greater than the disadvantages. The differences in the arguments have raised many debates on the purchase history. People have given different analysis of the matter depending on their perspective. Each person is convinced that his or her argument is correct and, therefore, stands for it. Consequently, the history of this great land deal h as evolved over time as people express their different thoughts about the whole purchase. Historians have a different approach to the issue as well as different study methods. Their interests and interpretations have changed from time to time and, therefore, different techniques and approaches have been experienced in the history of this great land purchase. Below is an analysis of different authors interpretation of the history and the changes that have taken time. The essay examines four different authors and the changes that have occurred. Cardinal lemonades Goodwin is one of the authors who wrote about the history of the purchase of Louisianan. His approach gives the history of the acquisition and covers the period in which the United States of America was under expansion. He is a great contributor to the background history of the Louisiana Purchase. His history starts from 1803 when the land was purchased and ends fifty years later after the Gadsden Purchase. In the past fifteen years, individual students and historical societies have done great deals to promote the history of Mississippi communities.   A lot has been done in an effort of justifying settlement of people from the united states to Mississippi. The work of Goodwin is the start of the whole study about the purchase of the land. It acts as the base of the whole history where most historians have developed their arguments. The writer has freely used many secondary works especially monographic while dealing with Trans-Mississippi. However, he has not been able to resist his investigations from being utilized by historians.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Goodwin has gone through different sources which have revealed more information. His investigations linked with this topic on the purchase of Louisiana have tried to account for the settlement of people from the united states to Mississippi. Therefore, his volumes have more truth on the reasons why people from the united states settled in Mississippi. Some of his information has been published in different articles and magazines. This information has been used in different institutions to study about the purchase of Louisiana. In addition, it has formed a great part of the purchase history that is widely accepted by people in the world.   Goodwin focus is on the way ownership of Louisiana exchange hands. The history traces its origin form the time the United States feared that France would dominate Mississippi. Therefore, the history goes around there until now Thomas the president of the United States decided to purchase the land. It does not speak much about the effects that the purchase brought to the country but the way the exchange took place. He explains how Louisiana has been exchanging ownership from the time it was under Spain colonialists. Napoleon purchased this land in 1800 from the Spain colonialists and used slaves to make the land more productive.   He was unable to maintain the production after the slaves stood stern to fight for their freedom. It was after the slaves refused to give up their freedom that Napoleon found it necessary to sell the land to the Americans. The purchase of this land brought a great change in the history of the united states of America. The land was approximately half the United States. It had good climatic conditions and minerals that cont ributed the greater part of the United States wealth. The fact that the land was productive is predicted to be the reason why Thomas purchased the land.     From Goodwin, the history of Louisiana has evolved, and other authors have come with deeper analyses. Different authors give their perspectives on the history of purchase depending on the current benefits that the United States gets from the land. Researchers have come with more information about the purchase and the effects that were experienced in the United States because of the purchase. Peter J. Kastor came up with more sophisticated investigations about the purchase of the Louisiana. Like in most historical works, Peter has addressed topics about the purchase which most people probably did not have any information about. His interpretation relates the history of purchase to more complex issues that most people know nothing about.   His approach does not concentrate much on the purchase but on the impacts brought by the purchases. His historical approach takes the reader into more detailed content about the purchase to topics that have not been well addressed by other authors. The author sometimes tends to address more complicated issues about the purchase which most of the people tend not to understand. This approach contributes a lot to the history of the purchase and adds more details about the purchase. His arguments are at a greater extent confusing and most of the time reveals a fresh content about the purchase of the Louisianan. His history offers a new perspective to things that seem familiar but opens a way for more critical historical questions which are not addressed in his book.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Peter Kastor who has been a great assistant professor of American cultural studies and history gives a different argument. Through his book on the purchase of Louisiana reflects a lot of intellectual maturity because of the approach that he takes in addressing the issue.   The approach brings a timely discussion about the meaning of nation-building, citizenship and state making. This approach evaluates the abilities that Thomas has on real estates. His arguments rotate on the knowledge that Jefferson applied in making America a great nation through the purchase of Louisianan. He connects the achieving to nation building where he view the purchase as the greatest step that Americans have ever taken to build their nation. Peter concentrates much on the contributions that the purchase brought to the United States of America. The purchase may seem simple but from his perspective, it brought territories and great wealth to the United States of America. The land also brought the first countrys population distribution where people found more place to reside. It created space for people to reside and therefore giving a relief to overcrowded areas in the United States.   African Americans, Native Americans, and Francophone got a place to reside after the land was purchased.   It also gave a chance for the country to acquire more citizens for maximum u utilization of resources.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Peter Kastor continues with his argument that the purchase of this land proved to be the basis of the United States nationhood. The greatest and most important task can be useful to a generation policy maker. It acted as the transformation of the United States nation by increasing its size as well as the population. The purchased land also gave the administrators experiences on how to govern large distance territory.   The country had to develop stronger governing strategies due to the increase in both land and population. Therefore, Peters argument gives the history of the Louisianan another approach. He uses different techniques to explain the act of President Thomas Jefferson of purchasing land from France. His approach gives the fruits of benefit that America is reaping from the decision made by Thomas in 1802. It is from that decision that America has a history of the size it has today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Kukla is also a great history writer and joins several written works about the purchase of Louisianan. He takes his reader back to explore the duplicity, diplomatic intrigues, and blinders that encouraged Napoleon to sell Louisiana to the president of the United States of America. Napoleon sold the land for paltry 25 million dollars in 1803.   His history starts from the American Revolution to the settlement of the Americans on Mississippi. From the French revolution to the slave revolt that was successful in the hint. Kukla traces the international reason that rendered the United States owner of Louisianan. From his argument, it was not predicted that America would become the owner of the land.   At first, the French colony extended from Canada all the way to Mississippi and the United States did not have a right to navigate through Mississippi. Spain had given up the land to the French colonial power. On the other hand, the United States had an interest in the port of New Orleans and therefore had to sign a treaty to be allowed to navigate the area. After Spain secretly ceded Louisianan to Napoleon, officials from the United States started showing more concern about Mississippi. The Americans were much concerned about how Napoleon could possibly be in control of such a productive land.   No other book could give a better view of the purchase of Louisiana history other than Kuklas book. The book had a different approach to the historical event and differed from other authors. He offers a beautiful, splendid narrative that focuses on the complex origin of the purchase. Kukla employs letters, contemporary documents, memories and a portfolio of other sources to create a compelling and full reason for the purchase of the Louisiana land. He uses a lot of creativity to link up events that turned a struggle for the right to navigate the Mississippi to actual ownership of the land by the United States of America. He aligns events from hinterlands to courts of France Spain and England to congress hall. His technique gives a different taste of the story and a different historical dimension. The book takes the globe in understanding the failure of Napoleon to maintain the land and the need for money. kukla favors no one in his tale but gives the historical event as it happened. He brings to life a group of characters from Napoleon, Thomas Jefferson, John Jay, and Carlos III from Spain and other beautiful figures. The only thing that the book lacks is a grand theme that matches the grand subject in it. He gives the flow of event in his own unique approach to show that the purchase is actually one of the most important events in the history of America.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From his approach, Kukla explains why Napoleon found it necessary to sell the land to the American. At first, he had taken the advantages of the Haiti slaves who made the land more productive. His dreams were killed after the slaves resisted giving up their freedom. From his perspective the land was useless without the Haiti slaves. Therefore, he was afraid that he could lose the land to the Americans or Britain. It is at this point that he decided to sell the land to the Americans to be able to fund his war. He, therefore, offered to sell the land to prevent losing it to the Americans. Kukla gives a very interesting narrative on the way the whole negotiation happened. His description of the New Orleans fire in 1786 is an addition to his story. On the same, Kulka tries to account for the mission of Spanish Diego Gardoquis to the united states of America. The narrative of Kukla explains lots of details about the purchase of Louisianan. In his patient narra tive is where all the information about the purchase anniversary will properly be served.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reginald Horseman gives the history of the Mississippi Valley as a rapidly growing area from time Louisiana was purchased by the United States of America. He explains the history in the broader context of national policy different from other historians. One of his main themes is the winning of the west by the United States. He addresses the issue of aggressive settlement that took place after the settlement of people from the United States to the land.  Ã‚   The history of the purchase of the Louisiana land by the United States of America has experienced a lot of changes. authors have a different approach in giving the history.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Authors have different techniques of giving out their opinions about the history of the Louisiana Purchase.   History has developed from the original cause of the purchase. There are those who give the history based on the reasons why Napoleon found it necessary to sell his land to the United States of America. Others base their arguments on the process of selling, that are the events that followed after Napoleon agreed to sell the land. There were many procedures which involved great negotiation in courts. Napoleon sold the land because of fear that he could lose the land to Britain or the Americans.   This reason for many historians is vague and does not justify the selling of such a big land. Different authors view Napoleon as a failure because he thought that the land was worthless without slaves. They argue that it could be more sensible if he could utilize the land for the benefit of his country.   The purchase of Louisiana has contributed a lot to change the history of America and the world in general. The event is considered as the greatest land deal in the world and therefore has a big part in world history. The purchase at first created a great dilemma to President Thomas who was not sure whether or not to buy the land. However, historians use his brave character to illustrate his knowledge of real estate. The land that he was getting was almost half of America. Buying the land could be costly but he never watched the future. Making a decision to buy that land was the greatest step that President Thomas Jefferson made in expanding the United States territorial boundaries.  Ã‚   Different authors allude from this event to illustrate national building and citizenship. Buying the land lead to an increase in both populations as resources in the United States.   Therefore, from the history, its clear that buying land is one of the best things one can do for future develo pment. The history of that land has been changing over time and authors are getting it necessary to concentrate on the changes that the purchase brought to the country. In conclusion, Louisiana Purchase is the greatest land deal that has ever happened in the world.   The purchase has taken a great part in American history as well as the world history. The purchase has also been the base of American development and a contributor to the courtiers wealth. The history of the purchase has been addressed by different authors using different approaches and techniques. Therefore, its history has been evolving over time. The history of the purchase has been given in different ways due to rising issues that seem to be linked to history. The difference in author perspectives leads to a different presentation of the history. The facts and sources are same but different perspectives from the author bring that change in the history of Louisiana Purchase.   Bibliography Cogliano, Frank. Peter J. Kastor, The Nations Crucible: The Louisiana Purchase and the Creation of America (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004,? 25.00). Pp. 310. ISBN 0-300-101119-8.-. Journal of American Studies 39, no. 3 (2005): 562-563. Goodwin, Cardinal. The Trans-Mississippi West. A History of its Acquisition and Settlement (1803-1853). New York (1922). Horsman, Reginald. The frontier in the formative years, 1783-1815. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. Onuf, Peter S. Jon Kukla. A Wilderness So Immense: The Louisiana Purchase and the Destiny of America. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 2003. Pp. x, 430. $30.00. (2004): 519-520.

Gothic Cathedrals, Compare and Contrast Two - 846 Words

Gothic Cathedrals The Gothic style has been the root for some of mankind’s most beautiful works of art. It was introduced by the Romanesque style of building. Romanesque style only lasted for nearly one hundred years before the Gothic style replaced it entirely. Abbot Suger was the founder of the Gothic style. One great form of Gothic architecture was the Notre Dame de Chartres cathedral that was built in France between 1145 and 1513. Another form is the Bourges cathedral, located in Bourges, France. Both works of art show extraordinary style and detail. Although similar in many ways, they both have different features. The Gothic style architecture began around 1145. Cathedrals styles were changing from round arches to†¦show more content†¦The Notre Dame de Chartres was used for meetings, concerts, and religious plays. It was the only indoor space that could hold all of the towns’ people. Most importantly, the Chartres cathedral was used as a place for worship. The Bourges cathedral was dedicated to Saint Stephen and was also used as a place for worship. In the construction of each of these cathedrals, sculptures were created to represent scenes and narratives of theology and mysticism. Both architects wanted to create a place for worship in their towns. By adding the detail of sculptures and paintings that portrayed religious images, the architects demonstrated gratitude for the Christian religion. Both the Notre Dame de Chartres and the Bourges Cathedral exemplified great technique and exquisite detail from each of the architects. The Notre Dame de Chartres and the Bourge s Cathedral were creations for the Christian communities. During the Middle-Ages, Pagan religions were beginning to diminish and the Catholic faith began to prosper. Both of these cathedrals are representations of the Catholic faith and the cathedrals were renown in their societies. Over the years, both cathedrals have seen many structural grievances. 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A German- Chinese Joint Venture in the Electronics...

Case study: A German- Chinese joint venture in the electronics industry Analysis of the underlying intercultural communication differences For: The course of Intercultural Business Communication in China The School of International studies [STUDENT’S NAME] Agenda Agenda†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....................II 1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 2 Case description†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............................................................1-2 3 Analysis of the case†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3-6 3.1 Problems and underlying cultural differences 3.2 Solutions and recommendations 4 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 5†¦show more content†¦They complain about the Chinese stealing Western know-how but, at the same time, if they have a few hours free before their flight to Germany, they go to the fake market and buy watches and clothing for their family and friends.† ( source: Business spotlight (2008): The Chinese-German team, http://www.business-spotlight.de/intercultural/case-studies/the-chinese-german-team) Although a consultant was brought in, during the interviews the situation got even worse. Important negotiations about the JV did not advance. The four key central points on which the problem is based were the following: Firstly, in Mr. Meier`s view the negotiations just did not advance. Secondly, Mr. Meier thought the negotiations were not being conducted effectively. Thirdly, the Headquarter in Germany puts a lot of pressure on Mr. Meier to get it done very quickly. And finally Mr. Meier was angry with Mr. Wang and screamed at him that he was no longer prepared to be kept waiting. 3 Analysis and solutions of the case 3.1 Problems and underlying cultural differences Concerning the interviews there seem to be a number of cultural differences. The first key issue is Responsibility. While the German Manager Mr. Meier thinks that the Chinese don t take responsibility, the Chinese Manager Mr. Wang doesn t feel they are given any. For the German side, taking responsibility means acting independently within a predefined framework. 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Failure in the Indian Judiciary System for Violence...

Within a span of three generations, criminals have targeted more than 50 million women from its population. Crime against women has increased in India because of the failure of the Indian judiciary system to get justice for the victims. Why is violence against women so prolific in India? Although the womens organizations in India have opposed individual acts of violence against women ranging from female infanticide, rape, dowry deaths, honor killings, acid attacks to female infanticides, there has been little attention given to the theoretical understanding of the causes of this violence. Between 2001 and 2011 the number of incidents has increased tremendously. The disinclination of policemen to register complaints makes it difficult†¦show more content†¦The legal system also does not understand that easy availability of Sulfuric acid anywhere in India increases the rate of Acid attacks. Because of the pathetic behavior of some policemen, the countries reputation gets spoilt. Tourists start to decrease. The economic dependence of a family acts as a barrier to report any kind of sexual or violence abuse. This specially affects the poor people as they tend to hide the tragedy in order to prevent any financial trouble. They are pressurized and left to feel unimportant in the society. Turns out that since the criminals haven’t even been caught. This affects the women as they feel unsafe. Women don’t get justice and knowing that the culprit is still out there haunts them making them never get past the incident and get on with their lives. In India, the hiring of more women police officers could be of help as maybe they could feel more comfortable in having a girl talk. A 23-year old woman in Delhi, who was doing her medical studies, was brutally gang raped on 16th December 2012 and later died. That was the biggest blow Indians had ever got and they took a stand on it. Protests, riots were held to get justice for that young woman who was working hard as a student so she could support her dad who worked in a shop. That incident triggered outrage and arguments over women’s safety all over India. On 10th September 2013 the 3 men were sentenced to death. It took almost a whole year for the Indian Judiciary system to getShow MoreRelatedDebate Around Mobilization Of Queer Communities2372 Words   |  10 PagesCourt to reconsider, which triggered a significant intervention in the case by various LGBT, Women’s and Human Rights activists against Section 377. Later, in the historic judgement delivered on July 2009 Delhi High Court decriminalized consensual homosexual activities between adults and thus declaring that Section 377 do violate Artic le 14, 15, 19 and 21 of the Indian Constitution. 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Recycling and Dear Fellow Friends.standing Free Essays

Recycling Good morning to our beloved teachers, Puan Rusni and my dear fellow friends. Standing here today,I would like to deliver a speech entitled,†Recycling. † According to the Asian Development Bank,rapid development,rising personal consumption and unprecedented levels of waste in Asia where cities will generate on estimated 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Recycling and Dear Fellow Friends.standing or any similar topic only for you Order Now 8 million tonnes of rubbish per day by 2025. In Malaysia alone,we produce over 15,000 tonnes pf rubbish daily and it is a matter of time before we run out of space to dispose them. In dealing with this phenomenon,we shall discuss some of the suggestions that all of us can adapt through the process of recycling to conserve the environment. One of the ways to recycle is to sell old newspapers to the junkman who will eventually send them to the recycling centres. By selling the old newspapers,we can earn some extra money at the price of RM0. 03 per kilogramme of old newspapers. Buying recycled paper is also another option. On the average,about 17 market sized trees are felled to produce a tonne of paper or one tree is felled to produce 20 reams of A4 size paper. Today,we recognise the limits of resource demand and this is the reason why recycled paper is critical part of our aspiration for a healthy global environment. We should also use both sides of a sheet of paper because it cultivates the habit of not being wasterful while saving our earth from further deterioration. In addition,glass bottles should be recycled. The energy saved by recycling a glass container can light a 100-watt bulb for up to four hours. Avoiding the use of plastic products is another recommended way to protect our Mother Nature because plastic is non-biodegradable,it may survive as long as 700 years. Apart from that,it is indispensably necessary for us to save water and electricity as much as possible. We have to save electricity because we are running fast out of fossil fuels. The fossil fuels saved by turning off the water taps while brushing our teeth. By doing this we can save the energy used to filter purify and transport the water to the end users. On the other hand,electricity can be saved by switching off the light,television,radio and fan before leaving any rooms. This is because the primary environmental impact of electricity consumption is the production of greenhouse gases which contribute to global warming. Hence,saving electricity is the key preserve our Mother Nature, Another advice that everyone ought to take head of is not to throw away leftover rice but instead,make fried rice,tamarind rice,pepper rice and yoghurt rice. This is because many poor nations of the Third World countries are suffering from famine and malnutrition due to accute shortage of food such as Mozumbigue and Sudun and Myannar. Lastly but not least,we can also use water for washing clothes to wash our parents’cars and other non-drinking purpose such as watering plants,washing toilets and mapping floors. As a conclusion,our planet is in a bad shape but most people choose to be indifferent to the effects initiated by the goverment to safeguard to dire condition of the environment. Majority of Malaysians choose to ignore the gathering storm clouds and hope the problem will magically take care of itslef. In Klang Valley,for instance,it produces more than 5000 tonnes of rubbish everyday which can cover the whole of Petronas Twin Towers,one of the tallest buildings in the world,in ten days and this is the reason why we must reduce,reuse and recycle. Whether the planet lives or dies,it depends on us and so,everyone plays a significant role by starting to recycle even from homes because a small change in behaviour has a measurable impact on our Earth. Thank you for lending me your ears. I hope all of you are benefited from my speech today. How to cite Recycling and Dear Fellow Friends.standing, Essay examples

Need to Change the Teaching Process of Ethics in the Courseware of the

Question: Does it need to change the teaching process of ethics in the courseware of the ICT graduate students?. Answer: The topic has been chosen as Does it need to change the teaching process of ethics in the courseware of the ICT graduate students?. Our lives are now very much dependent of information and communication technologies and its applications. So, it has taken part in the course curriculums. At the same time, there are raising numbers in the issues related to ethics in ICT implementation and practices. Studies have found that there are more number of people who are involved in different unethical issues in ICT, belongs to ICT graduate backgrounds. On the contrary, in the same domains, the people from non ICT graduate backgrounds are less involved in unethical issues. (Al-Saggaf Burmeister, 2012) Thus it has raised questions about the process of teaching ethics in the graduate courseware in the universities that teach ICT courses. It has raised a question about the impact of ethics course on the ICT students, their capability to grasp the course, understand it and apply the knowledge from the course in real life scenarios. According to the results from studies, it is evident that the students are not able to understand the applicability of the knowledge from the course in their professional lives. Here a big question is whether the students are gathering any knowledge from the course or it is just a mere syllabus for them, where they study the material, gives exams and forget about it. (Alexeyeva, Brey, Voronkov, Langford, 2004) ICT courses are professional courses and most of the topics belong to the science subjects. Students who are graduated in ICT courses are mostly from science backgrounds that is, in their early student lives they had studied science subjects like mathematics, physics etc. Science subjects are more like experiments and application of the theories in practical scenarios. So students from science background are habituated with subject that are practical based subjects rather than mere philosophies and theories. Thus a suggesting is that ethics can be taught as DET or like practical subjects. Here the students will be given case studies and their approaches to the cases and their ethical awareness in ICT will be judged. On the other hand, these experiments will help the students to understand their standing points. This experiment based teaching approach will be liked by them as well. So they will find interests in the subject. (Johnston, McGregor, Taylor, 2000) In many cases, it has been seen that students dont find the course on Ethics useful and coherent with their curriculum. In that case, the suggestion is, designing the curriculum must be coherent with the whole coursework. For example, if it is a humanities courseware then the curriculum should be designed in that way. The learning outcomes will be designed in different way than it could be in case of science and ICT course curriculums. (Tondeur, Braak, Valcke, 2007) Ethics is a subject being studies for hundreds and thousands of years. On the contrary, ICT is a new domain of studies. This is more technical and practical domain. Compared to that the studies on ethics are mostly philosophical. The main subject of ethics is the relationship between individuals and event, defining it and arguing whether the outcome is ethical or not. It is a study of the values of human beings, their rights etc. Personal thoughts, logic and values makes the behavior of a human being ethical or unethical. Thus it is more depending on how someone will react on some scenario, there is no fixed rule. The way ethics is taught in the typical university ICT courses and the ethical considerations or scenarios faced by the ICT professionals in real life are different. ICT professionals are more inclined to think about the technologies, the data privacy issues, security issues etc. than thinking about ethical issues in the same context. They just sometimes never realized or ignores the ethical issues such as compromise on quality for meeting deadline, tradeoff between revenue and quality of service, unprofessional behavior, making false assurances etc. There are also issues related to professionalisms, like blaming each other instead of focusing on the job or fixing an error, missing deadlines and accusing the technology or platform, overpricing a service or product etc. But, unfortunately, no course on ethics in ICT course teach about this. But the irony is, all universities in the country teach ethics in ICT courseware. Studies have revealed, the materials in a typical ethics course offered in an ICT courseware includes topics like cybercrime, privacy, security, regulation of commerce, intellectual property, free speech and many more with a chapter on professional ethics. But in the professional life this one chapter is mostly needed. The topic, professional ethics should cover chapters like code of ethics in software engineering, general code of ethics etc. and how those can be implemented in different real life scenarios. (Johnston, McGregor, Taylor, 2000) ACS requires the universities to add ethics in a courseware for accreditation. But there is no clear description or details about what should be taught. Thus the universities follow the rule for accreditation and the main objective of adding ethics as subject for study is ignored. There are different views on the topics, that how ethics should be taught to students especially to the students from ICT course background. Some suggests that, there should be rigorous assessments on the subject so that students take the subject seriously. Another suggestion is teaching ethics interestedly with other subjects instead of teaching is as a separate subject. But, there is agreement on the fact that, it should not be taught based on philosophies only. At the same time it does not indicate to disintegration of philosophy from the ethics course. It is actually delivering the course in the best possible way to the future ICT professionals. Another suggestion is about teaching the course using plenty of case studies or real life scenarios that will help the student to connect their study materials, knowledge etc. in real life cases or ethic in professions. Another issue raised with this suggestion is, what kind of persons should teach the subject. As real life scenarios are involved, so persons who are working as ICT professionals and have sound knowledge in ethics can teach the subject well, because they can help the students to understand the bridge between ethics as a subject and ethic in professional life, from their own experiences in the industry. The issues related to the teaching process of ethics to the ICT students has number of issues to consider. Some conclusions from the discussion above can be, the placement of ethics as a mandatory subject in an ICT curriculum has more things to do than just being present. If analyzed deeply then this is a more practical subject that is beyond common sense or bookish knowledge. Also there are issues related to the teaching process, who should be teaching the subject etc. A finding for the problem is, there should be bridge to cover the practical life scenarios in professional ethics and the theories or philosophies. The integration will depend on the process of delivering the same to the students. A mixed approach can be, professors or teachers can teach the subject to the students, but there may be frequent workshops by professionals from industries to teach them real life scenarios. And the students will need to complete the classes and workshops to pass the examination. This will help them to study the subject, understand it and applying the knowledge in real life scenarios. (Tondeur, Braak, Valcke, 2007) Beyond everything ethics needs common sense and logic. There is no spoon feeding technique that will turn the students into ethical ICT professionals. First of all, being ethical or not is a choice of the individual, in spite of taking ethics class successfully a student can behave unethically due to different personal and environmental issues. Also, there may be students who does not have enough logic and common sense to understand a real scenario and applying the knowledge in the best possible way. However, this is very unlikely to happen in case of an ICT professional. (Alexeyeva, Brey, Voronkov, Langford, 2004) As a conclusion, the teaching process of ethics to the ICT students needs to be modified. It needs to be more practical and coherent to the real life scenarios from industries. Students of and ICT course will not have pretty much interest on the history or philosophies of ethics, they may find the pattern of the course quite out of their curriculum also. Thus they need to have a well-designed course curriculum, with professional ethics being a part of it. From the overall ethics course, the topics of professional ethics should be given more stress. Exclusion of philosophies should be done in a way that the course does not become out of synchronization with the concepts of ethics. There should be changes in the selection of persons teaching the course. As this is a different course from other courses in the curriculum, so special attention and arrangement should be there. There should be alignment with industry so that students can learn and understand real life scenarios they might b e faced in future. The rationale diagram is attached at the end of the essay, References Alexeyeva, I., Brey, P., Voronkov, Y., Langford, D. (2004). Ethical, Psychological and Societal Problems of the Application of ICTs in Education. Moscow: UNESCO Institute for Information Technologies in Education. Al-Saggaf, Y., Burmeister, O. K. (2012). Improving skill development: an exploratory study comparing a philosophical and an applied ethical analysis technique. Computer Science Education, 237255. Johnston, S., McGregor, H., Taylor, E. (2000). Practice-focused ethics in Australian engineering education. European Journal of Engineering Education, 315-324. Tondeur, J., Braak, J. V., Valcke, M. (2007). Curricula and the use of ICT in education: Two worlds apart? British Journal of Educational Technology, 962976.

Social Digestion Method

Question: Write an essay on Social Digestion? Answer: Introduction Social digestion is the method where a man or even a bunch's dialect and/or contemporary society come to acquire soon after those connected with yet another get together. The term is actually helpful to allude in order to both equally individuals along with many, along with in the last situation it could allude in order to sometimes migrant or regional occupants which grown to be socially reigned over simply by yet another contemporary society. Assimilation can sometimes include either a fast or slow transform contingent on conditions of the get together (Li et al., 2014). At Harrisburg University, there are a number of foreign students coming from diverse cultural settings and nations. Since there is no nations with as many students as need be, the report will dwell on UAE national since they seem to have a higher number. Therefore the report will look at the current situation in UAE, culture differences (UAE and US), the preparation of foreign students and give a conclusion. Current situations in Home country Virtually all humankind lives on a couple regarding dollars a day. Whether your home is inside the wealthiest international locations on the globe or even the particular poorest, you will notice irregular variety of imbalance. Your poorest persons will certainly furthermore get fewer usage of well being, training and different organizations. Issues regarding needing, deficiency of healthy sustenance along with health problems problem the particular poorest inside the public vision. Your poorest are generally additionally normally decreased by culture and possess tiny counsel or even tone of voice inside vast sunlight along with politics municipal reasons, so that it is a lot more difficult to escape destitution. Through differentiation, the particular wealthy you might be, greater most likely you might be for you to gain economic or even politics methods. Your quantity the earth usually spends on military, economic bailouts and different specific zones of which gain the particular we althy, contrasted with all the quantity used to treat the particular day by day unexpected emergency regarding neediness along with associated difficulties are usually amazing (Holzmller Meister, 2015). Taking after a time of monetary blast, a money related air pocket worldwide in degree burst, notwithstanding bringing about a world's portion biggest budgetary establishments have fell. With the subsequent subsidence, numerous legislatures of the wealthiest countries on the planet have turned to broad salvage and salvage bundles for the staying extensive banks and money related establishments while forcing brutal grimness measures on themselves. A safeguard's portion outs have likewise prompted charges of deception because of the obvious "associating of the expenses while privatizing the benefits." Furthermore, the foundations being protected are normally the ones got the world into this inconvenience in any case. For littler organizations and poorer individuals, such alternatives for safeguard and salvage are infrequently accessible when they end up in emerge (Yoon et al., 2015). Differences in Culture The way in which involving lifetime people it's essentially Western. The us offers its very own fascinating societal along with societal qualities, by way of example, terms, audio, words and phrases, societal propensities, cooking food, along with old tales. YOU can be an a land of ethnics along with backgrounds because of large level movements via quite a few ethnically along with racially various international locations during its historical past. Different getting pregnant along with driving premiums among local people, pilgrims, along with settlers are usually similarly an element (Nahata, Hazarika Tandon, 2014). Us culture includes this ways of life along with exhibitions involving the usa. "Society envelops religious beliefs, sustenance, what we should have on, the way you don it, each of our dialect, union, audio, what we should accept will be correct or maybe incorrect, the way you sit on the desk, the way you allowed family and friends, the way you carry on with family, and a million various things. Because of that, the usa is a standout amongst the majority of socially diverse international locations on the globe. In relation to just about every area of the globe offers afflicted Us culture, seeing that it's a land involving foreign people, the majority of conspicuously this Language (Park et ing., 2015). US contemporary society employ each traditionalist along with open-handed facets, exploratory along with non secular aggressiveness, political set ups, chance having along with free term, realist along with great ingredients. In spite of a number of regular ideological expectations (e. h. freedom, libertarianism, along with confidence throughout option along with well-known government), U . s . contemporary society has a mixture of expressions to its geological degree along with market vary type of characteristics. The particular suppleness associated with You. Ersus. contemporary society and extremely typical characteristics cause some experts in order to kind U . s . contemporary society like a mythic personality; people view it seeing that U . s . conditions (Schouten Schinkel, 2015). The particular America Arabic Emirates includes a diverse contemporary society. The country's chronicled populace like a tiny tribal class has become transformed using the entry associated with diverse nationals. In UAE, folks admit any different flattened ask through which everybody includes a spot along with which wants not any even more legitimization. Intensifying system within an relationship is seen seeing that highlighting normal imbalances, centralization is renowned, subordinates desire to end up being well-advised how to handle it and also the excellent supervisor is surely an altruistic despot. Emirati contemporary society is using Arabian lifestyle and has also been greatly influenced by Persian contemporary society. Heart Western along with Persian roused constructing layout is surely an expression's part of this regional Emirati style. As an illustration, this "barjeel" has turned into a spotting quality associated with traditional Emirati structural engineering and it is attributed in order to Persian affect (Cheng et al., 2014). Commitment in the collectivist contemporary society is standard, along with over-rides the majority of social expectations along with regulations. People motivates stable internet connections in which all people thinks culpability intended for kindred folks from other accumulating. In collectivist sociable order placed criminal offense requests shame along with decrease in encounter, brain honcho/representative internet connections are noticed throughout great conditions (like a family connection), having along with development selections make note from the worker's in-gathering, government would be the government associated with get togethers (Choi, Mallinckrodt, Richardson, 2015). Preparation and enrollment of foreign students Once at the University, foreign student get to be passed through orientation. It is a section of inducting fresh learners to the new environment. Learners get to know the university surrounding, the culture and the people around. Here staff mingles well with learners so as to make them feel at ease and at home. Beside orientation, students get to know the various clubs, games and societies that are at the University. It is through these aspects that they get to interact well with other students (Harrisburgu, 2015). Different establishments may offer one workshop to get ready first year understudies for school. At Harris University, four courses are incorporated with the undergrad educational programs, to guide learners through every phase of Experiential Learning and the improvement of eight abilities. The main year course concentrates on the recognizable proof of abilities and practices connected with achievement. Discourses and assignments connect with learners in surveying learners own particular qualities, applying those to setting and accomplishing scholarly and vocations objectives, and diagramming them in an portfolio. In the second workshop, learners figure out how to apply assets to arranging and getting mentorships, tasks, and entry level positions. In year three, an individual from the staff guides learners with pragmatic guidance for finishing the rest of learners experiential instruction. Learners finish the fourth workshop in learners last semester at HU, when learners put the com pleting touches on learners portfolio in readiness for learners profession past HU. We don't know of another college that offers this level of vocation readiness (Mecklinger et al., 2014). Recommendation and Conclusion The university is a great place that permits learners from all parts of the globe to learn and social well. The culture differences get bridged at orientation. Through this learners get to acclimatize with the new environment and hence issues of depression, loneliness, confusion, boredom and many more get eradicated. The recommendation is that the university ought to make culture as part of the programs taught to all new students. It is through this that learners will appreciate the role of different cultures and makes it easy for foreign students to adapt to new environment. References Cheng, B. S., Boer, D., Chou, L. F., Huang, M. P., Yoneyama, S., Shim, D., ... Tsai, C. Y. (2014). Paternalistic Leadership in Four East Asian Societies Generalizability and Cultural Differences of the Triad Model. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45(1), 82-90. Choi, G., Mallinckrodt, B., Richardson, J. D. (2015). Effects of International Student Counselors' Broaching Statements About Cultural and Language Differences on Participants' Perceptions of the Counselors. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 43(1), 25-37. Harrisburgu, 2015). Harrisburg University Student Clubs Organizations. Retrieved from: https://www.harrisburgu.net/campuslife/student-clubs.php Holzmller, H. H., Meister, M. (2015). Cross-Cultural Differences in Consumer Response to Nutrition Labeling. In Proceedings of the 1995 World Marketing Congress (pp. 339-346). Springer International Publishing. Li, X., Roberts, J., Yan, Y., Tan, H. (2014). Management of cultural differences under various forms of ChinaUK higher education strategic alliances. Studies in Higher Education, (ahead-of-print), 1-25. Mecklinger, A., Kriukova, O., Mhlmann, H., Grunwald, T. (2014). Cross-cultural differences in processing of architectural ranking: Evidence from an event-related potential study. Cognitive neuroscience, 5(1), 45-53. Nahata, R., Hazarika, S., Tandon, K. (2014). Success in global venture capital investing: do institutional and cultural differences matter?. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 49(04), 1039-1070. Park, B., Tsai, J., Chim, L., Blevins, E., Knutson, B. (2015). Neural Evidence for Cultural Differences in the Valuation of Positive Facial Expressions. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, nsv113. Schouten, B. C., Schinkel, S. (2015). Emotions in primary care: Are there cultural differences in the expression of cues and concerns?. Patient education and counseling. Yoon, J. M., Witthoft, N., Winawer, J., Frank, M. C., Everett, D. L., Gibson, E. (2014). Cultural Differences in Perceptual Reorganization in US and Piraha Adults.